Morphological characterization of wild tomato (Solanum sp.) in farms of the Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, Ecuador
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Abstract
In order to morphologically characterize the wild tomato populations found on the grounds of the Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, in Los Angeles, a survey and identification of 15 wild tomato populations was carried out. Six quantitative variables and 24 qualitative variables were evaluated. For quantitative variables, single-factor analysis of variance and comparison of means were performed. Pearson correlations were performed for the variables evaluated; and multivariate analysis of principal components and hierarchical clusters was carried out. Likewise, Chi-square analysis, Spearson correlations and multiple correspondence analysis were performed for qualitative variables. The results obtained showed two different populations or differentiated ecotypes of wild tomato, which due to the morphological characteristics of the plant and the fruit were identified as belonging to the species Solanum pimpinellifolium, vernacularly called "tomatillo". It is distributed in Los Angeles between 313 and 385 meters above sea level, and was located at coordinates 1°21'0.31" to 1°21'10.14" south latitude and 80°33'49.87" to 80°34'0.32" west longitude. This species is in danger of genetic erosion, due to construction, road opening and clearing of the natural sites where it lives.
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