Uso de insecticidas naturales y biocontroladores en el control de gusano cogollero del maíz (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith)

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Julio Julio Gabriel-Ortega
George Fabian Holguín Pincay
Gema Burgos López
Jessica Morán Morán

Resumen

Con el objetivo de controlar el gusano cogollero del maìz (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith) aplicando insecticidas naturales y biocontroladores, fue implementada una parcela experimental en un diseño de bloques completamente aleatorios (DBCA) con 4 tratamientos, 4 repeticiones y 16 unidades experimentales en el Recinto Los Laureles de la parroquia Julcuy, Manabí. Los tratamientos fueron cuatro (T1: testigo (sin aplicación), T2: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), 150 mL/20 L, T3: Beauveria bassiana (Bb), y T4: Neem (Azadirachta indica), 25 mL/20 L). Las variables estudiadas fueron: porcentaje de incidencia (Pinc), porcentaje de severidad (Psev), altura de planta (ADP), número de entrenudos (NDEN), ancho de tallo (ADT), área foliar (AF), número de hileras por mazorca (NHPM), número de granos por mazorca (NDGPM), tamaño por mazorca (TDM), ancho de mazorca (ADM), peso de 100 granos (P100G) y peso de mazorca (PDM). Los resultados determinaron que Bb y Bt fueron los mejores tratamientos con un menor Psev. Bb fue el mejor tratamiento para NHPM con 15,12 líneas y NDGPM con 549, 02 granos, respecto del testigo con 14,24 hileras y 496,53 granos. Hubo una correlación alta, positiva y significativa (P<0,05) para el NDEN con la ADP, el NFGPM con el NDEN y el NHPM, el ADM con el TDM y el PDM con P100G.

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Julio Gabriel-Ortega, J. ., Holguín Pincay, G. F. ., Burgos López, G. ., & Morán Morán, J. . (2026). Uso de insecticidas naturales y biocontroladores en el control de gusano cogollero del maíz (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith). Centrosur Agraria, 1(28), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.37959/revista.v1i28.305
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