Use of natural insecticides and biocontrol agents in the control of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith) of maize
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Abstract
With the aim of controlling the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith) by applying natural insecticides and biocontrol agents, an experimental plot was set up in a completely randomised block design (CRBD) with 4 treatments, 4 replicates and 16 experimental units at the Los Laureles site in the parish of Julcuy, Manabí. There were four treatments (T1: control (no application), T2: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), 150 mL/20 L, T3: Beauveria bassiana (Bb), and T4: Neem (Azadirachta indica), 25 mL/20 L). The variables studied were: percentage incidence (Pinc), percentage severity (Psev), plant height (ADP), number of internodes (NDEN), stem width (ADT), leaf area (AF), number of rows per ear (NHPM), number of grains per ear (NDGPM), size per ear (TDM), ear width (ADM), weight of 100 grains (P100G) and ear weight (PDM). The results determined that Bb and Bt were the best treatments with the lowest Psev. Bb was the best treatment for NHPM with 15.12 rows and NDGPM with 549.02 grains, compared to the control with 14.24 rows and 496.53 grains. There was a high, positive and significant correlation (P<0.05) for NDEN with ADP, NFGPM with NDEN and NHPM, ADM with TDM and PDM with P100G.
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