The revaluation of
traditional research versus Artificial Intelligence in the generation of
knowledge in the XXI century in Ecuador
La
revalorización de la investigación tradicional frente a la Inteligencia
Artificial, en la generación de conocimiento en el siglo XXI en el Ecuador
Víctor Tomás Gómez Bravo 1
Maidy Jasmín Martínez Freire 2
Yaritza Ximena Mora González 3
Christian René Cassagne Martínez 4
Published Edwards Deming Higher Technological Institute. Quito - Ecuador Periodicity April - June Vol. 1, Num. 25, 2025 pp.
105-120 http://centrosuragraria.com/index.php/revista Dates of receipt Received: February, 2024 Approved: March 24, 2025 Correspondence author garfioss2003@hotmail.com Creative Commons License Creative Commons License,
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
International.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.es
1 Engineer in Computer Statistics, Escuela
Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador garfioss2003@hotmail.com, https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9201-6745 2 PhD in
Mathematics, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador.
mjmfreire11@hotmail.es, https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5728-0746 3 Student of
Statistics Engineering, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo,
Riobamba, Ecuador. yaritzaxmora@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8296-7319 4 Student of Statistics Engineering, Escuela
Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador. ccassagne27@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6525-3566
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, traditional research,
teacher-facilitator, knowledge generation, learning process.
Resumen: La creación de la
Inteligencia Artificial constituye uno de los mayores logros del presente
siglo, donde este por sus bondades constituye
una herramienta fiable y veraz para el manejo de la gran información
existente en la red mundial de datos. Frente a las bondades tecnológicas que
posee, la investigación tradicional tiene su sitial preponderante en la
generación de conocimiento en el siglo XXI, puesto que constituye el sello
personal del investigador, al poder conocer hechos y fenómenos que sólo se han
definido en la problemática encontrada, por lo que su valor se encuentra en la
amalgama con la Inteligencia Artificial complementándose mutuamente, así como
también explotando el potencial de cada una para la generación de conocimiento,
ideas innovadoras, y soluciones a problemas en el entorno de aprendizaje. En el
Ecuador, país con poca inversión en educación, así como el poseer una juventud
con una gran aceptación a las redes sociales y su gran dependencia a la
tecnología y las diversas aplicaciones en la red mundial de datos, hace que la
IA sea un elemento primordial para
potenciar los procesos cognitivos, por lo que como principal resultado del
presente trabajo, se expone como la IA ha maximizado la investigación tradicional
en la educación General Básica, Bachillerato y Universitaria; mientras que la
principal conclusión menciona como se pueden establecer actividades específicas
por parte del docente-facilitador ecuatoriano, que revaloricen la investigación
tradicional apoyada por las bondades de la IA estableciendo sus límites de
aplicación para la consecución de los objetivos de cada trabajo o tarea
asignada.
Palabras claves: Inteligencia
Artificial, investigación tradicional, docente-facilitador, generación de
conocimiento, proceso de aprendizaje.
Introduction
The different
technological advances of the 21st century have allowed that access to
information is no longer a privilege of a few people, which has facilitated the
understanding of all fields of science in various ways, aided by the benefits of
the different multimedia applications that exist, being the common denominator
that an active understanding of all knowledge is achieved in the shortest
possible time.
Due to the fact
that advances in the sciences are developing by leaps and bounds, since the
COVID-19 pandemic, the creation of Artificial Intelligence has become the
greatest achievement in the digital world, thanks to the multiple applications
it has for recreation, science, studies and the generation of knowledge, being
its constant evolution in
One of the
applications that are in vogue for Artificial Intelligence is its use for the
generation of knowledge, and specifically in Ecuador, the massive use of the
Internet, social networks and other online applications for education is quite
accepted, which is why the use of Artificial Intelligence for the execution of
academic work has become a help to students in the Ecuadorian environment.
Despite this,
there are still many questions about the benefits of Artificial Intelligence
(AI), since traditional research does not lose validity, since it is still a
safe, verifiable, measurable and truthful way to obtain information, as well as
it offers to feel realities regarding the acts under investigation, actions
that Artificial Intelligence is not able to perform since it only analyzes
documents or existing activities in the global data network.
Now, what
happens when artificial intelligence is used excessively, what are its risks in
the cognitive processes in students in Ecuador, how to conduct a comprehensive
research in a society like Ecuador with low levels of reading and massive use
of social networks, how does the use of artificial intelligence affect critical
thinking and comprehensive analysis in children and young people for the
construction of knowledge? How does the use of Artificial Intelligence affect
critical thinking and comprehensive analysis in children and young people for
the construction of knowledge? In the face of these questions it is necessary
to find answers adapted to the reality of education in Ecuador, which is
influenced by several factors such as dependence on social networks, which is
used even for political purposes, and the lack of a comprehensive reading
culture in children, youth and adults.
With the
exposed problematic it is necessary to analyze how the massive use of
Artificial Intelligence in the present century, drives the generation of
knowledge in Ecuador, compared to the traditional methods of research still in
force, taking into consideration that there is no formal research in Ecuador on
the results of the use of AI in scientific research, which allows access to
reliable and concrete data in all areas of knowledge; where to analyze the
exposed problematic, we will obtain information from open sources, by means of
a qualitative research, using the deductive and inductive method, seeking to
revalue the traditional research in harmony with the massive use of Artificial
Intelligence.
Methodology
The benefit
of the use of Artificial Intelligence in the generation of knowledge in the
21st century.
In view of the great amount and volume of
information existing in the world data network, as well as the constant
updating of computer applications and the digitalization of knowledge, which
has led to the gradual disappearance of traditional reference books, as well as
the great encyclopedias of yesteryear, it was necessary that the current
technology allows a discernment, classification and management of existing
information on the Internet to generate knowledge, either by second, third and
fourth level students, and professionals in different areas, since the production
and research, constitutes a modern competence that must be acquired by second,
third and fourth level students and professionals in different areas, It was
necessary that the current technology allows a discernment, classification and
management of the existing information on the Internet to generate knowledge,
either by students of second, third and fourth level, and professionals in
various areas, since the production and research, is a modern competence that
must be acquired by all professionals who wish to exercise their work in
constant ascent.
Therefore, the competence in information
management, in a globalized and changing world, where knowledge and sciences
evolve, can only be acquired through the use of computer tools which allow its
classification and verification with the help of Artificial Intelligence, which
is its greatest benefit, based on the characteristics it possesses, and
according to the programming or commands that can be configured in its prompts.
One of the benefits offered by AI is the
idiomatic correction or the generation of text from ideas, actions that reduce
considerable time for those who handle, classify and verify information
Due to the large volume of existing information,
the result is a wide range of criteria which is found in various scientific
journals or various documents verified on the Internet, which implies that the
researcher has to spend much time in the discrimination of relevant
information, verified and updated to the existing changes in the modern world,
being the benefit of the use of Artificial Intelligence vital to establish
filters to select specific information
Once a result is generated by Artificial
Intelligence from a filtered information search, it can be disseminated in
several ways, being another of the applications to transform the results into
voice, images or videos, an action that allows a better understanding of the
information collected, and allows a construction of knowledge in an active way
for both the researcher and for students in case of developing an investigative
task.
The mentioned characteristics are the most
common advantages of Artificial Intelligence, being more specific for areas of
knowledge such as medicine, the application of mathematical or physical
calculations, in the generation of images or comparison of data applied to the
design of structures, mechanical parts, etc. For these sciences, the advantages
are endless, being a vital tool to establish mathematical and statistical
relationships especially with data obtained under different conditions or to
establish predictions.
Results
Traditional research
vs. the use of Artificial Intelligence in the Ecuadorian educational system
Of the exposed benefits offered by Artificial
Intelligence, it makes it a reliable tool for the generation of knowledge,
however, it should be noted that the traditional research that includes the use
of methods, techniques and research instruments, which offer an infinite number
of ways to reach the proposed result in the objective of each work, has not
lost any validity , because being a continuous, logical and sequential process,
it allows its validation per se, as well as establishing and verifying
phenomena that can only be achieved in field research or through direct
observations by the researcher
Now in Ecuador, where as in many parts of Latin
America the massive use of the Internet and its applications on mobile devices
is part of the life of students and young professionals
· Compilation of statistical data and their
automatic collation and comparison.
· Search with the filters programmed in the
Artificial Intelligence search engine to obtain relevant information such as
the Theoretical Framework and the State of the Art.
· Proofreading and editing of text in the
shortest possible time, especially for long documents such as theses and
projects that exceed 50 pages.
These advantages in the Ecuadorian educational
system, allows Artificial Intelligence to constitute a tool accepted by all
educational centers, in order to improve research processes, thus creating a
research and reading culture which has been decreasing with the massification
of the internet and the reduced investment in public education by governments
from year 2020
As a result of the use of Artificial
Intelligence as a complement to traditional research, the competency in
Information Management (CMI) is developed in a way that allows it to be a
research seedbed and prepares them for their future job (
The roles of the
Ecuadorian facilitator in the use of Artificial Intelligence. A balance of its
use, for the development of critical thinking and analysis.
From the massive use of social networks on
mobile devices by young students in middle and high school, it is necessary for
the Ecuadorian facilitator or teacher to take advantage of this fact that
cannot be hidden. At first glance it would seem that Artificial Intelligence
used on a large scale, undermines the student's ability in their cognitive
abilities or to run an analysis
· The social and economic reality of Ecuadorian
students with respect to their access to the Internet.
· Its capabilities to handle office automation
and the management of information on the World Wide Web.
· The reading comprehension and research skills
of each student at the middle and high school level.
Therefore, the role of teacher-facilitator
should focus on being a learning guide where specific limits or functions are
established for the use of Artificial Intelligence
· Image creation.
· Video creation.
· Creating written results and converting them to
banners or infographics.
· Creation of executive documents.
Therefore, the use of Artificial Intelligence
by students constitutes the personal signature that can be put by each of
these, for the construction of their own knowledge, since it offers a space for
creativity, imagination and problem solving based on learning that will only be
demonstrated during the use of all the benefits offered by AI.
It is necessary to indicate that, with this,
the use of Artificial Intelligence offers as a result a personalization of
learning, which can be optimized by the teacher facilitator, exploiting both
the cognitive abilities of the student and the technological benefits offered
by the AI application. It is important to emphasize the role of the teacher
facilitator, since when he/she establishes the limits of the use of AI, it
allows each student to develop his/her critical thinking, reflection and
analysis as an essential element for learning by developing other group and
individual activities that allow individual research
All the elements of active learning mentioned
in the previous paragraph have as their ultimate goal the development of
autonomy in thinking, as well as in self-reflection that allows the discovery
of own and collective errors, focusing the student to the development of a
process of continuous improvement that allows inclusion, as well as personal
commitment to constant learning. In practice, the teacher-facilitator in
addition to setting the tasks to be performed during the autonomous learning
processes, must establish an internal procedure for a continuous monitoring of
the progress of each student both for the process and the result, thus
verifying the progress and construction of knowledge with the help of the AI ,
and also the essence of the objectives proposed in each content of the area of
knowledge being studied.
Establishing the limits of the use of AI by the
teacher facilitator helps students to develop their skills and cognitive
abilities in each area of knowledge based on its intrinsic nature, thus
maintaining its particularities and characteristics that differentiate it from
the others, both in its study and evaluation procedures. Taking into
consideration that AI is only an aid tool for the generation and construction
of knowledge, it can only be used once the search for information or the
traditional research process has been carried out, or in its absence, the tasks
of each area of knowledge; with these activities, the teacher-facilitator can execute
a number of methodologies that allow each student to feel committed to their
learning process, thus being an innovative experience for both the student and
the teacher, establishing a constant feedback for the teacher and the
educational institution
Activities to be
carried out for the use of Artificial Intelligence in middle and higher
education in Ecuador. Revaluation of traditional research.
With the above, the theme of the use of
Artificial Intelligence can be applied in all fields of science as indicated,
but specifically in its implementation for the middle and higher education
level in Ecuador, has its particularities since as mentioned above, in the
country there is a great acceptance of social networks, and applications for
technology, where it has been mentioned on multiple occasions that it has
become an addiction among Ecuadorian youth, which is why it is viewed with
displeasure by many teachers in the country, to the point of suspending all
types of support that social networks and multimedia applications can offer
The situation in Ecuador can be reversed by
using this alleged threat to the educational process as an opportunity to
enhance information management and research skills at the middle level (eighth
to tenth grade of Basic Education and High School) and at the higher level
(third and fourth university level)
· To be a learning process, defining well the
role of the teacher and the student both in the classroom activities and in the
autonomous learning process.
· Promote research in all facets of the
activities.
· Define which activities will be done through
traditional research or assisted or autonomous knowledge construction
activities, and which activities will be done with the help or assistance of
Artificial Intelligence.
· All activities involving resolution, analysis,
conclusions or interpretation of results will be performed by the student,
without AI assistance.
· Group presentations to activities involving
collaborative work will be done with the help of AI, however, the analysis will
be based on the group's intellectual production.
These provisions followed periodically will
allow, among others, to optimize the great dependence of Ecuadorian youth to
social networks and mobile devices, to create a virtual and interactive
learning environment, using all existing applications, being AI a complement
that can be magnified to optimize time and develop innovative and creative
ideas to improve the study of all areas of knowledge
For General Basic Education, in areas such as
Language and Literature, Social Sciences and Natural Sciences, the use of AI
can be focused on the search for information that is verified, so that after
its subsequent analysis, the conclusions are made by cognitive processes, while
the knowledge construction activities are shown through images or videos with
AI. Likewise, students can use AI to establish relationships or comparisons
that allow them to associate the results obtained with other research
At the same level of General Basic Education,
for the area of Mathematics, the use of AI can be used to search for
mathematical relationships with other works on the same subject, and thus be
able to adapt them to the reality of the problems to be solved based on the
texts used for the national curriculum.
For Foreign Language, AI offers more
possibilities to build knowledge, since there is a greater amount of
information in the network that can be discriminated in foreign language, there
is a greater scope for the construction of knowledge to be effective and
efficient for a better understanding, as well as to create a methodology
adapted to the reality of the level of foreign language knowledge in Ecuador.
For the level of General Unified Baccalaureate
(BGU), in which the skills and basic knowledge have already been developed, and
it is sought that the student develops skills and knowledge to be applied for
their next university life, this is the period in which the use of AI can be
enhanced, when performing work that seeks the praxis to everyday life, in
addition to executing activities focused on the environment or study
environment, so the research to be conducted both in the areas of Language and
Literature, Social and Natural Sciences and Mathematics have greater depth,
where AI allows greater discrimination of information by the large volume of
data to be collected, and once this task is accomplished, develop in a more
in-depth way, where AI allows greater discrimination of information due to the
large volume of data to be collected, and once this task is completed, develop
in a more detailed way, the information to be collected in the areas of
Language and Literature, Social and Natural Sciences and Mathematics have a
greater depth, where AI allows a greater discrimination of information by the
large volume of data to be collected, and once this task is accomplished, to
develop in a traditional way a deeper analysis, reflection and critical
thinking by the student, where the information obtained allows amalgamating
methods, techniques and research tools, with the information or data collated
by AI, for its subsequent interpretation to issue conclusions
As can be seen, at the level of General Basic
Education and High School in Ecuador, traditional research can coexist with AI
applications, therefore it does not lose its value and can enhance the use of
social networks and AI applications, which are linked to the network, Its potential is the production and
generation of innovative ideas in young people between 12 and 17 years of age,
something that in Ecuador is not developed until they reach university, which
is why the use of AI can be maximized to help individual research procedures
and thus obtain the same results but in a shorter time and in a reliable manner
In Higher Education, both in the Third and
Fourth Level, where the learning process is focused on the realization of
research work and individual production, as well as directed to the link with
the community, traditional research has a primordial role, due to the fact that
field work must be carried out in a compulsory way, Therefore, here all the
help that multimedia can offer is needed to support the problem studied, being
the role of AI, the search for information and data, which can be compared with
a national or foreign state of the art that fits the needs of the researcher
With the conclusions, the researcher of any
research work, whether it is an essay, a scientific article, a thesis or a
project, can use AI to expose his results either with video or images, and can
disseminate it on the World Wide Web or through social networks in the
different learning communities that exist in them.
It is necessary to indicate that the role of
teacher facilitator for the Third and Fourth Level of Studies, focuses
precisely to verify the limits of traditional research and the help of AI,
where the amalgamation of both ways to obtain information enriches the entire
research process itself, which is why it is verified that traditional research
does not lose its validity, being these procedures still valid in the XXI
century for any type of work that is carried out at any level of education,
being adaptable for the Ecuadorian society which by its great dependence on
social networks and online applications, an opportunity to optimize the
learning process, the acquisition of knowledge, and promote scientific
research.
Conclusions
Artificial
intelligence is currently a tool that is constantly evolving, and that
increasingly assists in everyday tasks in industry and different areas of
science, being the education sector where it has a great field of action. It is
here where its applications and basic functions allow students to exploit its
benefits, to acquire data and knowledge that support the construction of
knowledge, the basis of the learning process in the XXI century.
Since the
generation of knowledge is a basic competence in the XXI century, it is
currently supported by the use of Artificial Intelligence in order to gather
information or expose it once it has been compiled, collated and analyzed.
These benefits are those that allow the acquisition of competence in
information management, which is the basis for conducting a proper research
that meets the characteristics of the XXI century, based on the collation of
theory, a state of the art, and the personal judgment of the researcher.
Now, despite the
existence of this tool, traditional research has a preponderant place, because
it allows field work and direct observations, where the design of research
strategies comes into play to achieve the objectives proposed in each work,
applying the method, technique and instrument most appropriate for the effect.
Since, in Ecuador, the Ecuadorian youth has a great acceptance of social
networks and all online applications, the use of AI should be seen as a support
and a tool which allows the development of innovation, generation of ideas,
creativity and problem solving.
Therefore, the
importance of AI in the Ecuadorian educational system allows it to be seen to
maximize and complement traditional research at the levels of Basic Education,
High School, Third and Fourth University Level, and not to be valued as a
computer tool that undermines the capacity for analysis, reasoning and critical
thinking.
Therefore, due to
the benefits of AI, specific activities can be established at the middle and
higher levels in Ecuador by the teacher-learning facilitator, where traditional
research is revalued in the Ecuadorian educational system due to its ability to
obtain information that is only achieved through the application of this, or
that is not found in an integral way in the world data network, which is where
the AI obtains information, thus also establishing the importance of the human
factor for the execution of analysis and conjectures that allow to reach the
conclusions and fulfill the proposed objectives of a research of any type.
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