The school's knowledge and skills,

medicinal plants for the disharmonies of the

school

El saber ancestral desde la escuela, plantas

medicinales para las desarmonías propias

José Reyes Rebolledo Chepe

Flora Lilia Chilo Menza

Abstract: This research is carried out in the framework of the

interculturality line, and the type of research is qualitative with

participatory action research design, where development in the

Educational Institution of the Andalucía village of the municipality of

Caldono Cauca, with the participation of the students of the Nasa

community in the model of the Own Education System in which the

instruments of data collection were applied with three vital actors of

the process: spiritual leaders of the indigenous reservation, families

and students. From the focus group technique, the voice of the

spiritual leaders is collected in the attention of the disharmonies with

the use of medicinal plants, the experience of the vegetable garden is

developed with the children and a conversation with families to

guarantee the strengthening of ancestral knowledge in the uses and

customs, For this study there is a matrix of analysis of results and

conclusion of the knowledge of disharmonies and their attention by

the family, as a product of research a booklet as a tool for easy

consultation of families in the care of their children from the ancestral

medicine and ensuring the leading role of education in the survival of

the culture.

Keywords: traditional medicine, medicinal plants, curative.

1 Msc. Universidad Iberoamerica, Bogota,

Colombia, jreboll2@ibero.edu.co,

https://orcid.org/0000- 0003-2234-2805

2 Msc. Universidad Iberoamerica, Bogota,

Colombia, fchilo@ibero.edu.co,

https://orcid.org/0000-0002- 7117-0213

Published

Instituto Tecnológico Superior Edwards

Deming. Quito – Ecuador

Periodicidad

January-March

Vol. 2, Num. 1, 2023

pp. 1-21

http://centrosuragraria.com/index.php/revista

Fechas de recepción

Received: January 11, 2022

Approved: June 22, 2022

Autor de correspondencia

jreboll2@ibero.edu.co

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons License, Attribution-

NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0

International.https://creativecommons.org/lice

nses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.es

The ancestral knowledge from the school, medicinal plants for the own disharmonie

Resumen: La presente investigación se realiza en el marco de la línea

de interculturalidad, y el tipo de investigación es cualitativo con

diseño de investigación acción participativa, en donde desarrollo en

la Institución Educativa de la vereda Andalucía del municipio de

Caldono Cauca, con la participación de los estudiantes de la

comunidad Nasa en el modelo del Sistema de Educación Propio en

las cuales se aplicaron los instrumentos de recolección de datos con

tres actores vitales del proceso: sabedores espirituales del resguardo

indígena, familias y estudiantes. Desde la técnica de grupos focales se

recoge la voz de los sabedores espirituales en la atención de las

desarmonías propias con el uso de plantas medicinales, se desarrolla

la experiencia de la huerta con los niños y niñas y conversatorio con

familias para garantizar el fortalecimiento de saber ancestral en los

usos y costumbres, para este estudios se tiene una matriz de análisis

de resultados y conclusión del conocimiento de desarmonías propias

y su atención por parte de la familia, como producto de investigación

un folleto como instrumento de fácil consulta de las familias en la

atención de sus hijos desde la medicina ancestral y garantizando el

papel protagónico de la educación en la pervivencia de la cultura

Palabras clave: edicina tradicional, plantas medicinales, curativa.

Introduction

The knowledge is very important about medicinal plants, in which it is

necessary to look for strategies that allow a wide diffusion of the

ancestral knowledge that has proven to be effective for the management

of different diseases, since the originary peoples have been using

medicinal plants in health practices for thousands of years, since the

appearance of the human species, becoming a dynamic that develops

from the family and community point of view, standing out for a long

time as a curative resource.

Likewise, it is important to highlight the achievement of the recognition

of the Indigenous System of Own and Intercultural Health - SISPI, and

the work that the indigenous communities have been developing, where

the processes of recovery of this cultural practice have been retaken and

strengthened; This investigative exercise is raised in the educational

institution with the students, who speak the Nasa-yuwe mother tongue,

the uses and customs of their indigenous community and focus their

interest in the involvement of fathers, mothers and families in the care

of their children, taking into account that the educational institution and

January - March vol. 2. Num. 1 - 2023

the pedagogical practices can make great contributions, between the

ancestral knowledge of the Nasa indigenous community and the

permanence of this knowledge in uses and cultural practices that are

transmitted among families, children and youth for the new generations.

For the Nasa people, the uses, customs and ancestral wisdom have

remained and are strengthened to the extent that cultural identity is

developed in everyday life, therefore, it is posed as a research question:

How the pedagogical practice articulates the ancestral knowledge in the

use of medicinal plants for their own disharmonies, since these are

disharmonies that occur more frequently in indigenous families in the

territory.

The research proposes to articulate the pedagogical practice with the

ancestral knowledge in the use of medicinal plants for the attention of

children's own disharmonies, sensitizing parents in the use of medicinal

plants for the attention of their own disharmonies, for the strengthening

of ancestral knowledge in the family, In addition, we can identify the

knowledge of the wise people about medicinal plants to cure their own

disharmonies, determining the medicinal plants that are used for

disharmonies such as the evil eye and fright in children under seven

years of age and the appropriate use for each disharmony.

The knowledge of the disharmonies and management of medicinal

plants within the families, this has allowed that the own medicine is

more effective than Western medicine, for this reason it is socialization

and sensitization of families for the appropriation of ancestral

knowledge in the use of medicinal plants; Taking into account that the

Educational Institution, most of the parents apply traditional practices

and use ancestral medicine as an alternative for health care, exercised

by the spiritual experts with different gifts such as spiritual experts,

traditional doctors, midwives, sobanderos, yerbateros and pulsadores

who, empirically, through the search have found the nature of the

healing power with medicinal plants.

Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the knowledge and wisdom of

the territory, since the population is attracted to consume commercial

medicines produced by the pharmaceutical industry, leaving traditional

medicine in the background, therefore, there is a need for awareness

and educational and community institutional appropriation in the use of

medicinal plants, given that the child population has been the most

affected by the disharmonies themselves, which demands the attention

of everyone for the good living of the family, since science and the

The ancestral knowledge from the school, medicinal plants for the own disharmonie

spiritual wise men and women have always been for the protection and

potentiation of the balance and harmony between man and nature.

The knowledge of the disharmonies and the management of medicinal

plants within the families, has recognized that their own medicine is

more effective than western medicine, for this reason the socialization

and sensitization of new families is important for the appropriation of

ancestral knowledge in the use of medicinal plants; In our territory,

most of the parents apply traditional practices and use ancestral

medicine as an alternative for health care, exercised by the spiritual

wise men with different gifts, they have found the nature of the healing

power with medicinal plants.

The Educational Institution articulates the ancestral knowledge with the

pedagogical practices through the sensitization of parents in the use of

medicinal plants for the attention of the disharmonies of children under

seven years of age, as a strengthening of the ancestral knowledge in the

community.

According to (Simoni & Pera, 2016) states that where knowledge is

analyzed it is handed down from generation to generation by his family,

in addition (Alvares de Zayas, 2008) refers to the reduction of offers of

woody arboreal plants and others in the National market, and the

disappearance of numerous ornamental species that can only be

reproduced by seeds, with this is intended to deepen the knowledge of

the National biological diversity, to structure its protection and rational

use to promote their public knowledge and to encourage environmental

education plans.

Similarly (Peredo Lazarte & Pinto Ríos, 2020) affirm that the use of

plants for medicinal purposes is as old as the history of man himself,

that by necessity their use was perfected, since each culture has

acquired knowledge that was inherited from generation to generation,

also (Trujillo & Gonzales, 2011), states that the medicinal plants used

by three indigenous communities in the northwestern Colombian

Amazon is due to the difficulty to access health centers. Gonzales,

2011), state that the medicinal plants used by three indigenous

communities in the northwest of the Colombian Amazon is due to the

difficulty in accessing health centers, but make reference to the fact that

the ethnopharmacological knowledge of these communities is

important to treat common diseases quickly and effectively.

January - March vol. 2. Num. 1 - 2023

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 30% of global

mortality is due to ischemic heart disease, which is responsible for the

greatest number of deaths, with an associated mortality rate of 84 and

53 years of age in 2005, and 18 and 52 in 2010, respectively.

The year 2019, conducts a research entitled Competitiveness strategies

for producers of medicinal plants in Colombia; National Plan for Green

Business, Biocommerce (Duran, 2019), where the thesis is based on the

lack of knowledge and lack of training to improve production, income

to the international market, also the lack of strategies for taking

advantage of opportunities for income growth.

In the year 2020 (Chavaco Trochez, 2020), I carry out a degree work,

of a research called: Analysis of alternative medicine practices of the

Misak community involving the use and management of ancestral

plants in the guambia reservation, municipality of Silvia; The ancestral

plants, traditional medicine, alternative medicine, all this is a set of

knowledge, skills and practices based on theories, beliefs and

indigenous experiences of different cultures, in which the research is

conducted by the loss of ancestral customs and the lack of midwives

and traditional doctors led them to seek Western medical care, but they

themselves felt discrimination when going to a health center.

As well as (Zambrano Ocampo, 2021) makes a relation of the reading

and writing processes, of the cultivation, use and consumption of

medicinal plants, understanding that education is a line of progressive

formation that analyzes, reflects and builds society from knowledge;

On the other hand, there is a lack of knowledge about the use of

medicinal plants, both native and foreign, in the territory. This research

seeks, through observation and research, to solve this problem in the

specified context, strengthening the processes of reading and writing

through the cultivation, use and consumption of medicinal plants as a

strategy to approach the knowledge of health and identity of the native

peoples.

This research approaches its legal framework from the regulations that

have been won in the different exercises, with the national government

from the special indigenous jurisdiction in which some decrees were

considered, for the management and use of ancestral medicine and the

use of medicinal plants in the indigenous territories in Colombia, since

2000 the (Regional Indigenous Council of Cauca) has been leading the

process of own health, Therefore, the health program assumed the task

of implementing the health care model, taking into account the Nasa

The ancestral knowledge from the school, medicinal plants for the own disharmonie

knowledge which is understood and assumed as the set of beliefs,

feelings and traditional practices that are experienced at a personal,

family and community level.

The (ILO, 2014) in the exercise of complying with Convention 169,

where it states that a nation like Colombia, can develop within a

democratic environment, while not accepting the right of societies

different from ours, to live and enjoy according to their own values,

beliefs and worldviews, likewise the Political Constitution promulgated

in 1991 assigns to the State the obligation to recognize and protect the

ethnic and cultural diversity of indigenous peoples.

In the Nasa conception, everything is deeply related to the natural

environment and nothing could be announced without the signals

provided by the sun, the moon, the stars, the water, the moors, the wind,

the rain, the rainbow, the animals and nature itself, each of these beings

share life with the individual from the first moment, Hence, the territory

is understood as the living space that requires a balanced and

harmonious relationship, regulated by rules of behavior that allow

coexistence between the terrestrial spaces or Kiwewe'sx where the

Nasa, animals, plants, rivers, stones, hills and lagoons live, the celestial

or Êe' Kiwe where the progenitor spirits that generate life live, and the

subway space where other spirits such as the Kiwe Sxi' reside.

This conception of life, the collective memory of the ancestors helps to

sow and weave life, because with the passage of time is that wisdom is

transmitted, to achieve that the Nasa take root in their existence. As

recognized by (Tabares Fernández & Molina Bedoya, 2014) that the

cosmovision then is: a broad notion that is not reduced to the set of

cultural practices of a people such as rituals, myths, oral traditions,

legends, mystical position or religion, by it is understood the process of

creating devices to interpret and act in the world.

The relationship between man, nature and culture is reflected in all the

actions of daily life, who knows, manages and regulates these

relationships is the Traditional Doctor and the medicinal plants, through

natural norms with medicinal knowledge, dreams and signs of the body;

In this way the spirituality of the Nasas is established in the relationship

with nature (Territory) and the spirits that inhabit it, these relationships

are determined through individual, collective and community rituals

that lead to the construction of cultural identity, the protective behavior

January - March vol. 2. Num. 1 - 2023

of the territory is a condition of sustainability and permanence of the

native peoples, health is associated with a harmonious relationship from

the territory and fighting for the territories.

Therefore, the health system of the territory is aimed at the inclusion of

all the community members in the decision making about their own

health, the inclusion also refers to the recognition of the knowledge,

beliefs and practices of traditional medicine in the use of medicinal

plants and their relationship, articulation and integration with western

medicine, in the attention to the community members, through dialogue

and reflexive analysis, respectful and in conditions of equality, in which

it is sought to favor the guarantee of harmony and good living

situations, centered on the respect and strengthening of the ancestral

wisdom, based on the plan of Life.

Taking into account that the use of ancestral medicine in the treatment

of disharmonies is a practice that has been carried out for a long time

and has proven to be one of the best initiatives favoring the person,

family and community that maintains and preserves the use of

medicinal plants, particularly the indigenous communities in rural areas

where this resource is used, maintaining its value, uses and customs of

their culture.

As stated by (Clerisme, 1985, p.99). Traditional medicine is based on

traditions, on the skill of healing that has passed from one generation to

another; this type of medicine is the fruit of attentive observation and a

set of fragments of information and experiences acquired over time;

The tul (home garden) is related to the cultivation of medicinal plants

in the family and other forms of relationship and work with the land,

accompanied by a deep knowledge of the natural environment, our

grandparents were farmers and always had medicinal plants to prepare

home remedies for different disharmonies (diseases), as an element of

socio-cultural cohesion and defense strategy, conservation of the

territory to live in harmony.

The knowledge of traditional medicine in the rural area of the

municipality of Caldono may be decreasing with the passage of time,

due to the fact that the population shows less interest or concern on the

part of young people to maintain these ancestral values of the ancestral

culture, since modern society and human development is causing the

loss of traditional culture and the cultural identity of the Nasa people,

as well as the use of healing plants properly, as our grandparents used

to do.

The ancestral knowledge from the school, medicinal plants for the own disharmonie

Conscious in the construction of this research, it is important to know

the learning course of the own medicine and its implementation, in

addition, to know about their experiences and their contribution in

teaching young people, the family plays a very important role in the

formation of children, The family plays a very important role in the

formation of children and adolescents since parents are the first

educators in the inculcation of values and principles of coexistence

from the home, also the Nasa family has always had and has been in

unity from the integrity in the teaching of the uses and customs

according to their culture, in which from the moment of the conception

of the new member of the family.

In this sense, the parents and other family members are part of the

exercise of care and protection of the new life with the spiritual wise

man and the midwife, who accompany this whole process until the

moment of birth and are always pending in each cycle of life; the

articulation of the school is to complement the knowledge with external

information so that the children of the Nasa community expand their

knowledge with western education, from the theoretical part putting

into practice what they have learned from the two concepts, their own

knowledge and external knowledge, for this reason, the education for

the indigenous communities is based on the law of origin, It must also

be taken into account that disharmony and imbalance occurs between

body, mind, spirit and nature, where the relationship with everything

that exists is broken, even with oneself, the family, the community, the

territory, the elements of nature, the cosmic forces, among others; the

causes are due to the disobedience to the Law of Origin, the Major Law

and the Proper Law.

Not recognizing the cosmovision and cosmogony, not recognizing the

interdependence with all beings and nature, not respecting Nasnasa self-

determination, not preserving ancestral knowledge, not guaranteeing

food sovereignty and security, not respecting the rights of the

community and its integrality, This is manifested in different ways such

as physiological (biological) disorders of the human body, disturbing

relationships with others, with nature, spirituality, the emotional and

mental part that leads to the need to rebalance, this is in the restoration

of unity and harmony in the individual and between him and the space

that surrounds him.

January - March vol. 2. Num. 1 - 2023

References of disharmonies do exist on the planet with millenary

tradition and have been widely described in different parts of the world,

despite the ignorance that Western medicine has wanted to implant in

this regard (Gracia, 2015, p.100). He argues that its geographical and

historical origin is impossible to reconstruct, but its presence is found

in much of the world, and that there are records since its antiquity.

Therefore, it is necessary to understand how each culture and social

group perceives disharmony from the cosmovision and the relationship

it establishes with mother earth and among the beings that inhabit it, in

this way it is attended to by establishing its own meaning in the cultural

system of a people or ethnic group.

Therefore, the disharmony of Tutxh uta wee (Evil eye), is a disease

caused by the strong look of a person who has a lot of negative energy,

so the pregnant woman has to be well wrapped up to protect the baby,

but also according to discussions with the spiritual leaders have found

that Tutxh uta wee (Evil eye), is due to poor nutrition of the mother

during her pregnancy.

The own disharmony: Ukhnxi wee (fright), is a disease caused by a

vision, thunder or accident, this disease is very dangerous, if it is not

cured in its determined time, this with the passing of the years, can

produce the disease of epilepsy as they call it in the western medicine;

this type of disharmonies can give to any person and in different ages;

the symptoms can appear at any moment, from days to years after

suffering the event and in the extreme cases, can produce the death.

The procedure is to collect and stabilize the pulses and catheterize the

medicinal plants to take, sometimes when collecting the pulses, by

means of catheterization, the spiritual knower identifies a more

appropriate treatment for the sick person and the family has to abide by

the guidelines of the spiritual knower to be cured as quickly as possible.

The spiritual knowers, are people who by their work or call of nature,

have developed a level beyond the understanding and knowledge about

medicinal plants, some of them in an empirical way, this practice allows

them to identify, transform and use medicinal plants in their own

medicine and thus treat various imbalances or disharmonies in the

community.

Their spiritual knowledge allows them to use medicinal plants,

according to the disharmonies presented in each person by means of the

The ancestral knowledge from the school, medicinal plants for the own disharmonie

cateo (signs, dreams and visions) therefore the treatment is done

through infusions, washes, vaporizations made with natural plants of

the region according to the spiritual cateo; it is also considered that the

customs are the different traditions that are held within the culture as

the major rituals, according to their own calendar of time, for the Nasas

indigenous peoples.

The statement of the grandparents is that the paths we leave behind are

there, to be able to travel and turn life's aspirations into reality, although

there are difficult times to which they refer, that the paths that have been

traced and become the foundations for our resistance, because the

history that is being built around them, represents both the strength

necessary to move forward, the joy necessary to live in harmony and

the wisdom necessary to make decisions and continue opening new

paths.

This knowledge, which at the same time are norms of behavior for the

life of the Nasa as a product of the collective memory, are energized

from procreation, pass through the hearth, pass through the orchards,

through each one of the rituals and through everything that the Nasa

travels through with their thoughts about the territory; the action of the

rooting of the Nasa is our starting point and at the same time our support

to assume with security and strength the difficult times that lie ahead, It

is the essence of the major right that comes from the wisdom of our

creator ancestors and permanently reminds us of the importance of

knowing how to coexist even if there are differences among ourselves.

In which we have to reorder our thinking when necessary is a permanent

responsibility that we must carry for all generations of our people, but

always this action of reordering must be done under the guidance of the

word from the u'us ya'knxi (thinking with the heart).

As stated by (idiazábal, 2017, p.140). That the native language

transmits the worldview and the Nasa cultural values and contents

(rituals, the bonfire as a pedagogical tool and transmission of

immaterial memory, relationships with nature, traditional narratives by

elders and elders, etc.), that is, transmitting the socio-cultural legacy of

ancestral communities, the mother tongue has a sense of

communication from the integrality as family, territory, care and

preservation of the customs and customs of indigenous communities in

the territory.

January - March vol. 2. Num. 1 - 2023

Materials and methods

This research is based on the qualitative method, which seeks to

investigate the knowledge and management of medicinal plants for

disharmonies such as the evil eye and susto, as a result of the

contribution of each of our ancestral wise men, in the construction of

this research, in this context, In this context, for the characterization of

the medicinal plants our wise men offered us new healing alternatives

with their own medicine, in which, this proposal is an opportunity to

preserve and promote these activities, besides contributing to the

conservation of the practices, uses and customs as native peoples.

The research project in the qualitative route is the Participatory Action

Research, since, as Hernández Sampieri states, it seeks to "solve

problems and improve concrete practices" (2018. P. 560) since this

research proposal postulates the need to extend the ancestral

knowledge, uses and customs of the Nasa people in the new generations

of fathers and mothers of families.

Within our community, we have our own human talent, such as the

spiritual knowers, people who actively participate in the research in the

company of some family members, although they also share a space of

attention in the care center, where the imbalances and disharmonies of

the general population are attended to; In the same way, the families of

the children of the first grade of the school Instituto Técnico

Agropecuario participated in the research. The spiritual knowers are the

first persons to whom we turned to in this research, in the same way the

families of the children of the first grade of the educational institution

are included; but there is also a minority group, but no less important

known as "sobanderos", who cure injuries, tears, sprains, through the

application of plasters, ointments made by themselves or under

recommendation of commercial creams, this group does not belong to

the study because their work does not deal with their own diseases,

which is the subject of study in this research.

In this sense, the development of the problem statement was based on

the recognition of the context, posing the problem question, the

objectives of the research and the justification; based on this statement,

the frame of reference was developed, reviewing the antecedents and

proposing the legal, theoretical and conceptual framework in the light

of the categories related to the research; this phase closes with the

methodological design, which establishes the type of research.

The ancestral knowledge from the school, medicinal plants for the own disharmonie

In the immersion of the context, data collection instruments are

developed with the actors and population such as the knowledgeable in

the focus group, parents in the focus group, as for the students, the

observation technique was applied during the implementation of the

medicinal plants garden.

The organization of the data collected, the results of the triangulation of

data, the analysis of results and the discussion to design the research

product and determine the conclusions and projection of the same,

where it is sought to socialize before the educational institution,

families and the academic community the research document, the

article and the research product.

This research exercise was developed in four phases during each phase

has specific actions to respond to the stated objective, for this purpose

the focus group technique was used to generate discussions, a technique

of observation with students, during the discussions the ancestral wise

men, and other attendees participate with brainstorming, exchange of

experiences between spiritual leaders, this work was carried out under

the guidance of the spiritual leader, where it will begin with an opening

ritual with a harmonization to ask permission to the spirits of mother

earth.

This work of the focus group during this research exercise strengthened

the knowledge of the use of medicinal plants for their own

disharmonies, since many families were unaware of this knowledge of

healing of different diseases or disharmonies in the territory; the focus

group of parents, during these meetings, inquired about the care and

attention of children in their own disharmonies, determining the

following: how do you identify the disharmony in a sick child, is it

important to know the medicinal plants for the management and use

during disharmonies?

With these guiding questions we can go deeper into whether the family

still practices ancestral medicine and uses medicinal plants as the first

medicine for the treatment of their children in the family; The

observation technique, which was developed with the students, is based

on the respect and care of medicinal plants in the medicinal garden (tul)

of the educational institution, where the following references will be

taken into account, the phase of the moon for planting medicinal plants,

harvesting, use of medicinal plants according to their own disharmony,

January - March vol. 2. Num. 1 - 2023

and the applicability of this knowledge in the family with the guidance

of the teacher, from the area of community and nature.

For the units of analysis, understanding these, as the narrative data to

go generating or discovering the categories, as referred to (Hernández-

Sampieri, 2018, p. These socialization inputs with the community that

participated in the research; therefore, the units of analysis were

organized in an initial analysis matrix of each of the data collection

instruments and the matrices are triangulated to obtain the results from

the voice of the participants namely: Ancestral knowledgeable people,

first grade fathers and mothers, first grade boys and girls.

3. Result

The results are consolidated from the application of the research

instruments, where the following elements are analyzed: knowledge of

the wise men about medicinal plants to treat their own disharmonies,

medicinal plants used in the care of disharmonies of the indigenous

population, knowledge of the disharmonies and their care from the

ancestral medicine by the families, finally, socialization strategy and

sensitization of the families for the appropriation of the ancestral

knowledge in the use of medicinal plants; The information is collected

through the conversations carried out in the Nasa Yuwe mother tongue

and under the spiritual direction of the ancestral knowledgeable people,

which is translated into Spanish.

The disharmonies themselves were considered, that evil eye and fright

are those that most affect the children and that the families consult with

the spiritual healers, since these disharmonies are not recognized by

western medicine and cannot be treated either, since they do not find

anything in the body.

The causes of disharmony own Tutxh uta wee (evil eye): Poor nutrition,

consumption of alcoholic beverages, strong gaze of a person, and this

can also be gestational if the mother does not have good nutrition or

care during pregnancy.

From the spirituality the causes are: the dirty (pha'z) or white cloud

(thaap cx'mhe). Causes of the disharmony Ukhnxi wee (fright) are:

fright, an accident, mistreatment and also when children are spoken to

in a very loud voice.

The ancestral knowledge from the school, medicinal plants for the own disharmonie

Signs: Decay, general malaise, lack of appetite, in children under one

year of age they do not receive the breast, they cry a lot and cannot sleep

peacefully.

Symptoms: Fever, diarrhea, vomiting, stomach bulging, sunken eyes,

sometimes urine retention and physical change of the person.

Treatment: For these disharmonies, the intervention of the Spiritual

Knower is required with its own medicine by means of the

catheterization, from the spiritual analysis as opposed to the western

medicine that is already previously prepared.

Treatment for the Evil Eye: Massage the stomach until it is soft, with

oil or creams prepared with medicinal plants, cook small chili bell

pepper leaves and give three times a day for two days, chamomiles in

infusion take half a glass at night, coca with lemon drops cooked half a

glass for two days.

Treatment for Shock: has to be attended by Pulsator or ancestral knower

(determined by touching the pulses of the hand) who picks up the pulses

of the sick person.

Generally medicinal plants are used such as: Yerba alegre (ҫxaywc, e),

maize capio (kwҫx chxime), tache this plant is only used in children

(men), in women it is not used since it produces affectations during

childbirth, the above mentioned plants are used externally or topical

use. According to the case to make a harmonization or potentiation, it

is the responsibility of the family to continue with the treatment.

Recommendations: do not eat heavy meals to avoid delay of treatment

and according to the spiritual cateo, you must follow their

recommendations.

Prevention: Listening to the advice of elders, obedience to the rules of

nature, reading the signs of the rainbow, the white cloud, kites, dreams

and the song of the witch bird among others.

With the purpose of developing the discussion pertinent to the research

exercise proposed, the research phases programmed for the

development of this chapter are considered initially from the four

moments: preparatory, field work, analysis and publication.

January - March vol. 2. Num. 1 - 2023

Subsequently, the review of the evaluation and projection of the

research and finally the conclusions.

Phase I Preparatory.

The knowledge and use of medicinal plants and traditional medicine is

part of the cultural identity of the peoples. In the case of the Nasa people

located in the Indigenous Reserve of San Lorenzo de Caldono, there is

a need to strengthen the cultural identity from their own ancestral

knowledge in practices that favor the integral attention of children, in

this specific case the disharmonies of the evil eye and susto. These

disharmonies that from the West can be understood as diseases,

although they are widely referenced in history and in different societies

and times, the national health system still does not recognize forms of

attention to these disharmonies, it is then when the Colombian

legislation becomes vital to recognize the indigenous communities' own

health systems that, as well as their own education systems, promote

and guarantee the survival of the ethnic groups.

Phase II Field work

The fieldwork addresses two specific interventions; the first is related

to data collection and the second is the pedagogical intervention.

From the framework of the data collection technique with the focus

groups and the observation of students, it is possible to enrich the

knowledge of the researchers in this regard: In the conversation with

the spiritual leaders, in addition to the specificity of the knowledge and

wisdom they have in the attention to the disharmonies, it is also found

that they understand in depth the need to maintain and strengthen the

cultural identity through the practice of the uses and customs of the

cosmovision of the Nasa people, Additionally, they entrust the teachers

of the Educational Institution with the responsibility of educating and

training the students from transition to eleventh grade, so that the

children and young people are directed and apply the cultural practices

in each one of them and in their families for the strengthening of the

ancestral knowledge in the territory.

Regarding the focus group of families, it can be considered that in

general, many of the families of the first grade children of the

Educational Institution recognize the ancestral wisdom, the

cosmovision of the Nasa people, the uses and customs and within this

recognition, they know the importance of traditional medicine, some of

The ancestral knowledge from the school, medicinal plants for the own disharmonie

the uses of medicinal plants and value the participation in this type of

experiences to strengthen the cultural identity of the families and future

generations.

From the experience of the School Garden it is possible to consider that

children from their first years of life and thanks to the closeness with

their parents and elders have knowledge and respect for nature and

notions of care of medicinal plants at home and in the territory.

Phases III Analysis

The analysis of the results and the intervention allows understanding

the need for an information product that brings families closer to the

knowledge, use, practice and valuation of ancestral knowledge through

the use of medicinal plants for the care of their children's disharmonies.

It creates a communicative, easy-to-read piece for families to turn to

when they need it.

Phase IV Publication

The research exercise and its respective publication through this

document, articles for indexed journals and other resources allows us to

expand the state of the art in research that refer to the cosmovision, uses

and customs of our Nasa People, as well as strengthen the strategies for

the survival of our culture and tradition. Within the educational

community, the dissemination of the results strengthens the curriculum

and the SEIP Indigenous Education System, which is reflected in the

community of the indigenous reservation of San Lorenzo de Caldono

since children and youth strengthen their cultural identity and in this

process the families participate actively.

The research is then proposed around this knowledge with the

participation of three key actors: Spiritual leaders, families and

children, consolidating a dynamic that strengthens the development of

cultural identity in the context and the territory.

Finally, regarding the design of the linkage strategy, although a brochure

is designed as a product, it is understood that it is a permanent mission

that is delegated to the teachers who help to maintain the culture, uses

and customs and although the design of the brochure is done as a

January - March vol. 2. Num. 1 - 2023

process of visualization of the results, the survival of the language and

the oral tradition invites to maintain meetings and sensitizations from

these elements such as oral tradition and the mother tongue in the

sensitization of the uses and customs with the families.

In the fulfillment of objectives and contributions to the group's line of

research, in light of the stated objectives, the conclusions of the general

objective are considered from the specific objectives and to conclude

the conclusions of the general objective. Thus, it will be determined that

from the knowledge of the wise men about the medicinal plants to cure

their own disharmonies, it is considered that the ancestral wisdom has

accompanied and propitiated the survival of the peoples and this

wisdom is strongly linked to the knowledge of mother earth, nature, its

properties and signs.

From the objective of determining the medicinal plants that are used for

their own disharmonies, this research leaves a valuable resource to

which the families have easy access, in relation to the knowledge that

the families have about the care of disharmonies with the use of

medicinal plants, it is evident that although a basic knowledge is

handled, it is necessary to deepen and appropriate this knowledge in the

daily life of the families.

In general terms, the general objective is to articulate ancestral

knowledge with pedagogical practice by sensitizing parents in the use

of medicinal plants for the care of disharmonies in children under seven

years of age, as a strengthening of ancestral knowledge in the

community.

4. Conclusions

In which we have as the most relevant conclusions: The knowledge and

use of medicinal plants and traditional medicine is part of the cultural

identity of the native peoples is to address disharmonies (considered

from Western medicine as diseases) from the ancestral wisdom and the

use and customs of the ethnic groups validates the importance of

Colombian legislation to recognize the health systems of indigenous

communities.

The peoples' own health systems and education systems promote and

guarantee the survival of ethnic groups through the development of

The ancestral knowledge from the school, medicinal plants for the own disharmonie

their cultural identity based on ancestral knowledge.

Spiritual leaders and parents understand the need to maintain and

strengthen the cultural identity through the practice of uses and customs

of the cosmovision of the Nasa people, there is a wide wealth of

knowledge of medicinal plants that the spiritual leaders have. Many of

the plants are available in the territory, others are difficult to obtain,

therefore it is necessary that the community members value the effort

made by the spiritual knower to have such plants and in the exercise of

the care or recognition of the knower (putx peykan) a fair balance is

made to this effort.

This research exercise raises conclusions from 3 lines: A first exercise

with an eye on the conclusions resulting from the fulfillment of the

objectives set by the research and the contributions made to the line of

research, which in this case deals with interculturality. As a second

aspect, the conclusions associated with the production associated with

the project, which is directly related to the intervention in the

community, are considered, and in the closing, conclusions are drawn

regarding the future lines of work that can be derived from this exercise.

Pedagogical experiences such as the School Garden guarantee the

survival of ancestral knowledge, the practice of the same and the link

between school and family in common practices that favor the territory.

From spirituality, the ancestral knowledgeable recommend to the

teachers, the importance of an educational material, and the

continuation of the research in different meetings, in which the

knowledge of ancestral knowledge is promoted as a fundamental

communicative mechanism and other resources to which the families

can turn to, to preserve the millenary memories of the indigenous

peoples in the territory.

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